When your professor advises students to get an “early start” on your speech, he or she probably hopes that you will begin your research right away and move on to developing a thesis statement and outlining the speech as soon as possible. The consequences of ineffective listening in a classroom can be much worse. Everyone else understood that the meeting place was the “west side” location, but you wrongly understood it as the “east side” location and therefore missed out on part of the fun. Eventually you find out that your friends are at a different theater all the way across town where the same movie is playing. For example, say you have made plans with your friends to meet at a certain movie theater, but you arrive and nobody else shows up. For one thing, if a speaker does not enunciate clearly, it may be difficult to tell what the message was-did your friend say, “I think she’ll be late for class,” or “my teacher delayed the class”? Notice in Figure 4.3 “Stages of Feedback” that stages two, three, and four are represented by the brain because it is the primary tool involved with these stages of the listening process.Įven when we have understood the words in a message, because of the differences in our backgrounds and experience, we sometimes make the mistake of attaching our own meanings to the words of others. In the understanding stage, we attempt to learn the meaning of the message, which is not always easy. This is only one example of the ways that hearing alone can require sincere effort, but you must hear the message before you can continue the process of listening. In this example, our coauthor had difficulty receiving the message because of the external noise. When the candidate finally started speaking, the cheering and yelling was so loud that the candidate couldn’t be heard easily despite using a speaker system. One of the authors of this book recalls attending a political rally for a presidential candidate at which about five thousand people were crowded into an outdoor amphitheater. Notice in Figure 4.3 “Stages of Feedback” that this stage is represented by the ear because it is the primary tool involved with this stage of the listening process. At this stage, we are still only hearing the message. Schlessinger, Ph.D.Receiving is the intentional focus on hearing a speaker’s message, which happens when we filter out other sources so that we can isolate the message and avoid the confusing mixture of incoming stimuli. He reveals with brilliant clarity the many modes in which the analyst may listen to his patient and listen to himself while with his patient, and he provides the student a theoretical and practical base from which to learn to listen "like an analyst".' Salman Akhtar has taken up the challenge and demonstrates, in this masterful volume, how complex and multifaceted is this seemingly simple act. Far from being so, listening analytically is an essential skill that may take the analyst years to learn and is a skill that would seem to be unteachable. 'It might seem a matter to be taken for granted of course, analysts listen to their patients. Ira Brenner, MD, Training and Supervising Analyst, Psychoanalytic Center of Philadelphia It is bound to become another classic in the Akhtar tradition!' His book is replete with experience-near vignettes and contains numerous pearls of clinical wisdom. Like a virtuoso musician, he guides us to better discern the sounds and silences of the analytic hour. 'In this slim but remarkable volume, Salman Akhtar has recast psychoanalysis, the renowned "talking cure", as essentially a "listening cure". The ground covered ranges from diverse methods of listening through the informative potential of the countertransference to the outer limits of our customary attitude where psychoanalytic listening no longer helps and might even be contraindicated.' Taking Freud’s early description of how an analyst ought to listen as its starting point, the book traverses considerable historical, theoretical, and clinical territory. This book aims to rectify this problem by focusing upon analytic listening. And yet, the listening end of the equation has received short shrift in analytic literature. Talking without listening can mislead and harm. Listening with no talking can only go so far. Both elements are integral to clinical work. Psychoanalysis is a listening and talking cure. However, the focus upon the patient’s and therapist’s speaking activities diverted attention from how the two parties listen to each other. She was correct insofar as psychoanalysis does place verbal exchange at the center stage. 'Joseph Breuer’s celebrated patient, Anna O., designated psychoanalysis to be a "talking cure".
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